Pollution Worsens Across Indo-Gangetic Belt

By A Staff Reporter

Chandigarh – As air pollution levels across the Indo-Gangetic plains soar to dangerous levels, experts are increasingly concerned about the health implications for millions in affected regions. Professor Ravinder Khairwal from PGIMER Chandigarh recently addressed the severe pollution engulfing Chandigarh, Haryana, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi, noting that air quality in these areas has ranged from "poor" to "very severe."

Professor Khairwal attributed this pollution surge primarily to stubble burning, vehicular emissions, and secondary aerosol formation. “Stubble burning is a significant contributor in the northern regions, especially during this season when post-harvest residue management becomes a major challenge for farmers,” he explained. Additionally, vehicular activity has intensified, particularly around the festive season, and plays a substantial role in elevating pollution levels.

Khairwal also observed a marked increase in pollution beginning at 4 p.m. on October 31, largely due to heightened vehicular activity. “During evening hours, traffic volume peaks, adding to the cumulative pollution load. This, combined with other pollutants from industrial sources and construction activities, accelerates the rate of deterioration in air quality,” he added.

In discussing the composition of pollutants, Professor Khairwal highlighted the presence of secondary aerosols, tiny particles that form when gases like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react in the atmosphere. These aerosols exacerbate respiratory health risks and contribute to the dense smog observed in the region. "The Indo-Gangetic belt has unique topographical challenges, trapping pollutants and causing prolonged exposure for residents," he pointed out.

With air quality worsening, health officials are urging residents, especially those with pre-existing respiratory conditions, to take preventive measures, including limiting outdoor activities and using masks when necessary.